western civ day 8

Land of the Pharaohs
The Nile and the "Two Lands"
   - Upper Egypt was a 500 mile long strip of fertile land along the Nile    - Lower Egypt was the wide land of the Nile delta, emptying into the Mediterranean Sea    - The Nile was the major provider of life for the Egyptians and was much revered in lore and writing    - Around 3100 B.C. the two lands were united under a single king or "Pharaoh" (Narmer, AKA Menes) Government by a God-King    - Pharaoh was all powerful, worshipped as a god, and intimately connected to the other major Egyptian gods and goddesses    - Egyptians relied on a harmony and balance of the universe, which they called "Maat" (personified by the goddess Maat; ideological opposite of goddess Isfet)    - Pharaohs had multiple wives and all routes to financial and social success were through the palace    - Women could inherit money and land and divorce their husbands, though only a tiny few ever wielded real political power Gods, Humans and Everlasting    - Gods were often portrayed with animal head or bodies    - Egyptians believed in an afterlife (ka) and they mummified bodies to preserve them for this post-death journey    - All souls would need to justify themselves at the point of death and be either sent to an afterworld paradise, or the jaws of a monster

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